Ranked: The World’s Biggest Carbon Emitters

Which Countries Produce the Most Carbon Emissions?

Key Takeaways

• China, the United States, and India account for more than half of global greenhouse gas emissions.

• China alone produces 30.3% of global emissions, compared with 11.4% for the United States.

• Canada generates slightly more emissions than Mexico despite having less than one-third of its population.

China is the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitter by a wide margin, but how do other major economies compare?

This graphic ranks countries by their share of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2025, using data from the European Commission’s Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR). Global shares exclude international aviation and shipping.

The Countries Producing the Most Emissions

China leads the ranking with nearly 16 billion metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions in 2025, roughly 2.7 times the U.S. total. India ranks third, followed by Russia and Indonesia.

Together, the five largest emitters account for nearly 58% of global emissions, highlighting how much of the world’s total comes from a small number of economies.

RankCountryMt CO2eq/yr (2025)Global Share (2025)

1 China15,98130.3%

2 United States6,01811.4%

3 India4,5088.5%

4 Russia2,5744.9%

5 Indonesia1,3592.6%

6 Brazil1,3072.5%

7 Iran1,1192.1%

8 Japan1,0632.0%

9 Saudi Arabia8451.6%

10 Canada7651.4%

11 Mexico7171.4%

12 South Korea6961.3%

13 Germany6601.3%

14 Türkiye6111.2%

15 Australia5781.1%

16 Vietnam5481.0%

17 Pakistan5311.0%

18 South Africa5191.0%

19 Iraq4280.8%

20 Thailand4010.8%

21 Egypt3910.7%

22 France3770.7%

23 UK3760.7%

24 Nigeria3680.7%

25 Kazakhstan3580.7%

26 Italy3540.7%

27 Argentina3540.7%

28 Poland3470.7%

29 Malaysia3370.6%

30 Taiwan3020.6%

31 Spain2930.6%

32 UAE2790.5%

33 Philippines2700.5%

34 Algeria2690.5%

35 Bangladesh2410.5%

36 Uzbekistan2140.4%

37 Ukraine2100.4%

38 Colombia2060.4%

39 Ethiopia1910.4%

40 Venezuela1780.3%

41 Kuwait1770.3%

42 Qatar1660.3%

43 Netherlands1500.3%

44 Oman1400.3%

45 Myanmar1330.3%

46 Sudan1310.2%

47 Turkmenistan1250.2%

48 Libya1180.2%

49 Chile1160.2%

50 Morocco1130.2%

51 Kenya1090.2%

52 Mongolia1060.2%

53 Belgium1060.2%

54 Peru1050.2%

55 Tanzania1030.2%

56 Czechia1030.2%

57 Chad1020.2%

58 Romania970.2%

59 North Korea920.2%

60 Belarus880.2%

61 Israel 770.1%

62 New Zealand740.1%

63 Singapore730.1%

64 Greece710.1%

65 Angola710.1%

66 Austria700.1%

67 Ecuador700.1%

68 Bahrain680.1%

69 Serbia680.1%

70 Bolivia590.1%

71 Uganda590.1%

72 Cambodia580.1%

73 Azerbaijan580.1%

74 Hungary570.1%

75 Democratic Republic of the Congo570.1%

76 Ireland570.1%

77 Sweden550.1%

78 Portugal530.1%

79 Norway530.1%

80 Dominican Republic520.1%

81 Ghana510.1%

82 Mali500.1%

83 Bulgaria490.1%

84 Finland480.1%

85 Niger480.1%

86 Tunisia450.1%

87 Syria440.1%

88 Uruguay440.1%

89 Nepal430.1%

90 Zambia430.1%

91 Switzerland420.1%

92 Paraguay420.1%

93 Côte d’Ivoire420.1%

94 Zimbabwe410.1%

95 Guatemala400.1%

96 Laos400.1%

97 Cameroon400.1%

98 Jordan400.1%

99 Yemen390.1%

100 Hong Kong380.1%

101 Slovakia380.1%

102 Mozambique370.1%

103 Somalia350.1%

104 Cuba350.1%

105 Denmark350.1%

106 Burkina Faso340.1%

107 Madagascar330.1%

108 Senegal330.1%

109 Trinidad and Tobago330.1%

110 Afghanistan320.1%

111 Sri Lanka310.1%

112 Guinea300.1%

113 Croatia270.1%

114 Bosnia and Herzegovina270.1%

115 Honduras250.05%

116 Kyrgyzstan240.05%

117 Congo240.05%

118 Tajikistan240.05%

119 Malawi220.04%

120 Lebanon210.04%

121 Benin200.04%

122 Panama200.04%

123 Gabon200.04%

124 Lithuania200.04%

125 Nicaragua200.04%

126 Georgia190.04%

127 Mauritania180.03%

128 Costa Rica180.03%

129 Slovenia160.03%

130 El Salvador160.03%

131 Puerto Rico150.03%

132 Estonia140.03%

133 Central African Republic130.03%

134 Papua New Guinea130.02%

135 Namibia130.02%

136 Botswana130.02%

137 Haiti120.02%

138 Brunei110.02%

139 Moldova110.02%

140 Togo110.02%

141 Latvia110.02%

142 Armenia110.02%

143 Guyana110.02%

144 North Macedonia100.02%

145 Jamaica100.02%

146 Rwanda100.02%

147 Cyprus90.02%

148 Sierra Leone80.02%

149 Albania80.01%

150 Equatorial Guinea80.01%

151 Burundi80.01%

152 Luxembourg70.01%

153 Mauritius70.01%

154 New Caledonia70.01%

155 Eritrea60.01%

156 Liberia50.01%

157 Iceland40.01%

158 Suriname40.01%

159 Fiji30.01%

160 Eswatini30.01%

161 Bhutan30.01%

162 Guinea-Bissau30.01%

163 Lesotho30.01%

164 Réunion30.01%

165 Djibouti20.00%

166 Malta20.00%

167 Maldives20.00%

168 Macao20.00%

169 The Gambia20.00%

170 Bahamas20.00%

171 Timor-Leste20.00%

172 Palau20.00%

173 Curaçao20.00%

174 Guadeloupe10.00%

175 French Polynesia10.00%

176 Martinique10.00%

177 Seychelles10.00%

178 Barbados10.00%

179 Cabo Verde10.00%

180 Belize10.00%

181 Comoros10.00%

182 Western Sahara10.00%

183 Greenland10.00%

184 Vanuatu10.00%

185 French Guiana10.00%

186 Aruba10.00%

187 Solomon Islands10.00%

188 Samoa0.50.00%

189 Saint Lucia0.50.00%

190 Cayman Islands0.40.00%

191 Antigua and Barbuda0.40.00%

192 Tonga0.30.00%

193 Gibraltar0.30.00%

194 Bermuda0.30.00%

195 São Tomé and Príncipe0.30.00%

196 Grenada0.30.00%

197 Turks and Caicos Islands0.20.00%

198 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines0.20.00%

199 Falkland Islands0.20.00%

200 Saint Kitts and Nevis0.20.00%

201 Dominica0.20.00%

202 Cook Islands0.10.00%

203 Kiribati0.10.00%

204 British Virgin Islands0.10.00%

205 Faroes0.10.00%

206 Saint Pierre and Miquelon0.040.00%

207 Anguilla0.030.00%

208 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha0.020.00%

Note: Some entries combine multiple geographic areas, as reported in the source data.

Population helps explain emissions totals, but energy consumption and industrial activity also play major roles.

Saudi Arabia, for example, produces more greenhouse gases than Pakistan despite having a much smaller population. Australia also generates more than twice Bangladesh’s emissions, even though its population is less than one-sixth as large.

These differences reflect factors such as fossil fuel dependence, energy-intensive industries, and each country’s energy mix.

Where Emissions Are Starting to Fall

Despite their large shares of global emissions, some of the world’s biggest emitters are beginning to see declines.

In 2025, China’s energy-related CO₂ emissions fell by around 0.5%, helped by expanding renewable and nuclear power generation. India’s energy-related CO₂ emissions also declined in 2025, helped by renewable power growth and cooler weather.

Europe has seen more sustained reductions. Emissions in Italy, Germany, and the UK have fallen by double-digit percentages over the past decade. Across the EU, greenhouse gas emissions have declined 40% since 1990, even as its economy grew by more than 70%.

These trends highlight how emissions can decline even as economies continue to grow, although global emissions remain heavily concentrated among a handful of countries.

Learn More on the Voronoi App

To learn more about this topic, explore this graphic breaking down global greenhouse gas emissions by sector.

Source: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/ranked-global-emissions-by-country-in-2025/